### 1\. Asalin ɗarikar TijjaniyyAn kafa ɗarikar Tijjaniyya ne a ƙarshen ƙarni na 18, ta hannun Sheikh Ahmad al-Tijani (1737–1815).
A cewar bayanan tarihi, an assasa ɗarikar a shekarar 1196 bayan Hijira, wato kusan 1781–1782 Miladiyya, a yankin Sidi Abu Samghun da ke Aljeriya. Don haka, ana buƙatar gyara ɗan bayani a rubutun asali: sunan wurin da aka fi samu a kundin tarihi shi ne Sidi Abu Samghun, ba wai kawai ƙaryatu Abu Samkun ba.
### 2\.
Ba a daidaita amsar da shekara guda tak ba, domin akwai bambanci tsakanin farkon zuwan ɗarikar yankin Yammacin Afirka, shigarta Arewacin Najeriya, da kuma yaɗuwarta a matsayin babbar ƙungiyar addini.
* Ƙarni na 19: Tijjaniyya ta yaɗu a Yammacin Afirka, kuma ana danganta shigarta Kano a wannan ƙarni da Sheikh Umar Tal.
* Tsakiyar ƙarni na 20: Sheikh Ibrahim Niass daga Senegal ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen faɗaɗa Tijjaniyya a Kano da sauran sassan Arewacin Najeriya.
* Shekarun 1940 zuwa 1950: Ziyarar Ibrahim Niass da hulɗarsa da malamai da sarakunan Kano sun taimaka wajen ƙarfafa yaɗuwar reshen Tijjaniyya da ake kira Tijjaniyya Ibrahimiyya ko Fayda.
Saboda haka, ba daidai ba ne a ce Tijjaniyya ta fara ne a Najeriya a shekarar 1950 kawai; akwai tarihin kasancewarta tun kafin wannan lokaci.
### 3\. Mene ne aƙidun Tijjaniyya?
Aƙida tana nufin abin da Musulmi ya yi imani da shi. Ya kamata a bambanta tsakanin aƙidar Musulunci gaba ɗaya da wasu hanyoyin zikiri ko tarbiyya da suka kebanta da ɗarika.
Ga manyan abubuwan da mabiyan Tijjaniyya suke jaddadawa:
1\. Imani da Allah da bin Manzon Allah ﷺ
Mabiyan Tijjaniyya suna bayyana cewa manufar ɗarikar ita ce kusantar Allah, bin koyarwar Annabi Muhammad ﷺ, da ƙoƙarin gyara halayen mutum. Wannan manufa tana buƙatar a fahimci koyarwar ɗarikar bisa Alƙur'ani da Sunnah.
2\. Zikiri da istigfari
Zikiri yana nufin ambaton Allah, yayin da istigfari yake nufin neman gafararSa. A cikin tsarin Tijjaniyya, akwai wasu azkar da ake karantawa a ƙayyadadden adadi da lokaci.
3\. Salatin Annabi ﷺ
Mabiyan ɗarikar suna ba da muhimmanci ga yawaita salatin Annabi Muhammad ﷺ, a matsayin hanyar ibada da nuna ƙauna ga Manzon Allah.
4\. Lazimai da wird
Tijjaniyya tana da wasu azkar na musamman da aka sani da Wird ko Lazim. Daga cikin abubuwan da ake ambata a tsarin asali akwai istigfari, salatin Annabi da kalmar La ilaha illallah.
5\. Tarbiyyar zuciya da kyautata halaye
Ana jaddada tsarkake zuciya daga hassada, girman kai da munanan halaye, tare da ƙarfafa gaskiya, haƙuri, tausayi da kyautata zamantakewa.
Bayanan tarihi sun nuna cewa tsarin azkar da tarbiyya sun kasance muhimman ginshiƙan koyarwar Sheikh Ahmad al-Tijani tun lokacin kafuwar ɗarikar.
### 4\. Mene ne Fayda a cikin Tijjaniyya?
Fayda, wadda ake kira Faydat Tijjaniyya, tana da alaƙa da Sheikh Ibrahim Niass (1900–1975), fitaccen malamin Tijjaniyya daga Senegal.
A shekarar 1929, Ibrahim Niass ya bayyana koyarwar Fayda, wadda ta samu mabiya da yawa a Yammacin Afirka, ciki har da Najeriya. Wannan reshe ya ƙara samun karɓuwa a Kano bayan ziyarar Ibrahim Niass da kuma hulɗarsa da malaman yankin a tsakiyar ƙarni na 20.
A taƙaice, Fayda ba sabuwar ɗarika ce mai zaman kanta daga Tijjaniyya gaba ɗaya ba; reshe ne ko motsi na farfaɗo da ruhin Tijjaniyya da ya danganci koyarwar Ibrahim Niass.
### 5\. Mene ne bambanci tsakanin Tijjaniyya da Tijjaniyya Fayda?
| Tijjaniyya ta gargajiya | Tijjaniyya Fayda |
| ------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Tana bin tsarin ɗarikar da aka danganta da Sheikh Ahmad al-Tijani. | Tana cikin Tijjaniyya, tare da muhimmancin da ake bai wa koyarwar Ibrahim Niass. |
| Tana da hanyoyin zikiri da tarbiyya da aka gada daga malamai. | Tana jaddada yaɗuwar tarbiyyar ruhaniya da koyarwar Fayda. |
| Tana da malamai da hanyoyin jagoranci daban-daban. | Ita ma tana da malamai da tsarin jagoranci da ya danganci wannan reshe. |
Ya kamata a lura cewa ba dukkan mabiya Tijjaniyya suke da ra'ayi ɗaya a kan dukkan batutuwan addini ba.
### 6\. Shin akwai saɓani tsakanin malamai game da wasu koyarwar Tijjaniyya?
Eh. Akwai muhawara tsakanin wasu malaman Musulunci game da wasu ayyukan Sufaye, ciki har da wasu ayyukan da ake yi a Tijjaniyya. Saɓanin na iya shafar yadda ake fahimtar wasu azkar, matsayin wasu iƙirarin ruhaniya, da yadda ake gudanar da wasu bukukuwa ko ibadu.
Saboda haka, yana da muhimmanci a bambanta tsakanin:
* Abin da Alƙur'ani da ingantacciyar Sunnah suka tabbatar.
* Abin da yake tsarin tarbiyya ko zikiri na ɗarika.
* Abin da malamai suka yi saɓani a kansa, wanda ke buƙatar nazari da hujjoji.
Kada a ɗauki ra'ayin wani malami a matsayin ra'ayin dukkan mabiyan Tijjaniyya, kuma kada a jingina wani iƙirari ga ɗarikar ba tare da sahihin tushe ba.
### 7\. Wane ne shugaban Tijjaniyya a yau?
Tijjaniyya tana da cibiyoyi, malamai da jagorori daban-daban a ƙasashe da rassanta. Saboda haka, tambayar shugaban ɗarikar a yau tana buƙatar a fayyace ko ana magana ne kan jagorancin wata ƙasa, wani reshe, ko wata cibiyar Tijjaniyya ta musamman.
A Najeriya ma, akwai malamai da ƙungiyoyi masu alaƙa da rassan Tijjaniyya daban-daban. Don haka, bai dace a ɗauki jagoran wani reshe a matsayin shugaban dukkan mabiyan ɗarikar a duniya ba tare da ƙarin bayani ba.
### Kammalawa
Tijjaniyya ta samo asali ne a Aljeriya a ƙarshen ƙarni na 18, sannan ta yaɗu a Yammacin Afirka da Arewacin Najeriya ta hanyar malamai, matafiya da cibiyoyin ilimin addini. Shigarta Kano tana da tarihi tun ƙarni na 19, yayin da Sheikh Ibrahim Niass ya taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen faɗaɗa reshen Fayda a tsakiyar ƙarni na 20.
Babban abin lura shi ne cewa fahimtar Tijjaniyya na buƙatar nazarin tarihinta, azkarta, koyarwar malamanta da muhawarar malamai a kanta cikin adalci. Wannan yana taimakawa wajen fahimtar bambancin ra'ayoyi ba tare da rikita tarihin ɗarikar da hukuncin da mutum zai yanke a kanta ba.
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